PCB ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ ƒe nya veviwo ƒe kpukpui: nu geɖe siwo ŋu wòle be woalé ŋku ɖo

Printed circuit board (PCB) ƒe wɔwɔme nye kadodo vevi aɖe le elektrɔniknuwo wɔwɔ me. Menye ɖeko PCB ƒe nɔnɔme nyui ate ŋu ana nutome suea ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple kakaɖedzi nanyo ɖe edzi ko o, ke ate ŋu aɖe ewɔwɔ ƒe gazazãwo kple beléle na eƒe sesẽ hã dzi akpɔtɔ. Nusiwo gbɔna nye nya kple nya geɖe siwo ŋu wòle be woalé ŋku ɖo le PCB ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ me.

1. Nutome sue ƒe ɖoɖowɔɖi ƒe nɔnɔmetata ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ

Hafi nàyi PCB ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ dzi la, ele be nàwu nutome sue ƒe nɔnɔmetata ƒe nɔnɔmetata la wɔwɔ nu gbã. Menye ɖeko afɔɖeɖe sia nye nusi dzi wotu PCB ƒe wɔwɔme ɖo ko o, ke boŋ enye nusi hiã hafi woakpɔ egbɔ be nutome suea ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple dɔwɔwɔ hã. Ne èle nutome sue ƒe nɔnɔmetata ƒe nɔnɔmetata wɔm la, ele be nàlé ŋku ɖe nya siwo gbɔna ŋu:

Na dɔwɔwɔwo kple nudidiwo me nakɔ: Se nutome suea ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nudidiwo gɔme nyuie eye nàkpɔ egbɔ be aɖaŋua ate ŋu aɖo nudidi siawo gbɔ.

Tia akpa siwo sɔ: Tia akpa siwo sɔ le nutome ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo nu, eye nàbu nusiwo le abe akpaa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, wo babla, kple gazazã ene ŋu.

De dzesi logos kple parameters siwo me kɔ: Kpɔ egbɔ be component logos kple parameters siwo le schematic diagram la me me kɔ eye wosɔ pɛpɛpɛ be PCB ƒe ɖoɖo kple debugging si kplɔe ɖo nanɔ bɔbɔe.

2. Ðoɖo si me susu le

Akpawo ƒe ɖoɖo si me susu le nye akpa vevi aɖe si ana woakpɔ egbɔ be PCB le dɔ wɔm. Ele be ɖoɖoa nabu akpa geɖe abe nutome ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, dzesi ƒe blibonyenye, dzoxɔxɔ dzikpɔkpɔ, kple bubuawo ene ŋu bliboe. Nusiwo ŋu nàbu le ɖoɖowɔwɔ ŋu dometɔ aɖewoe nye esi:

Dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mama: Ma nutome suea ɖe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔ̃wo me eye nàda dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔ̃ ɖeka mawo ke ƒe akpawo ɖekae be woaɖe dzesiwo ƒe kakamɔwo dzi akpɔtɔ.

Dzesi ƒe blibonyenye: Ele be dzesi ƒe ka siwo zɔna kabakaba nanɔ kpuie eye woanɔ tẽ alesi woate ŋui be woaƒo asa na atitsoga ƒe nutsotso. Ele be woaɖe dzesi ƒe ka veviwo abe gaƒoɖokui ƒe kawo, ka siwo wogbugbɔ ɖo, kple bubuawo ɖa tso toɣliɖeɖetsoƒewo gbɔ.

Dzoxɔxɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ: Ele be woama akpa siwo ŋu ŋusẽ le ŋutɔ la sɔsɔe, woabu dzoxɔxɔ ƒe kakanyawo ŋu, eye woatsɔ dzoxɔxɔnamɔ̃ alo dzoxɔxɔ ƒe dowo akpe ɖe eŋu ne ehiã.

3. Mɔzɔzɔ ƒe sewo

Mɔzɔzɔ nye kadodo vevi bubu le PCB ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ me. Nusiwo gbɔna nye nya aɖewo siwo wòle be nàde dzesii ne èle mɔ dzi tom:

Fli ƒe kekeme kple dometsotso: Tia fli ƒe kekeme si sɔ le fifia ƒe lolome nu be nàkpɔ egbɔ be fli la ate ŋu anɔ te ɖe elektrikŋusẽ si sɔ nu. Na dometsotso si sɔ nanɔ dzesi ƒe ka vovovowo dome be nàƒo asa na dzesi ƒe nutete.

Kaƒomɔ̃wo ƒe xexlẽme: Zi geɖe la, nutome sue siwo sesẽ la hiãa kaƒomɔ̃ siwo me kaƒomɔ̃ geɖe le la ɖe ɖoɖo nu nyuie be woakpɔ egbɔ be dzesikawo kple elektrikkawo ma nyuie.

Ƒo asa na tɔtrɔ ɖaɖɛwo: Ƒo asa na tɔtrɔ ɖaɖɛwo ne èle mɔ dzi tom, eye nàdze agbagba azã tɔtrɔ siwo le dzogoe ene me si ƒe didime nye dzidzenu 45 atsɔ aɖe dzesiwo ƒe keklẽ kple nusiwo doa kplamatse wo dzi akpɔtɔ.

4. Ŋusẽnana kple anyigba ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ

Ŋusẽnana kple anyigba ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ nye nu vevitɔwo kekeake le PCB ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ me, si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe nutome suea ƒe liƒo kple eƒe ŋutete si tsi tre ɖe nusiwo doa kplamatse nu ŋu tẽ. Nusiwo gbɔna nye nusiwo ŋu woabu le ŋusẽ kple anyigba ƒe nɔnɔme ŋu:

Ŋusẽ ƒe ƒuƒoƒo kple anyigba ƒe ƒuƒoƒo: Zã ŋusẽ ƒe ƒuƒoƒo kple anyigba ƒe ƒuƒoƒo si le eɖokui si nàtsɔ aɖe mɔxenu si le elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃ kple anyigba dome dzi akpɔtɔ eye nàna ŋusẽ ƒe nyonyome nanyo ɖe edzi.

Decoupling capacitor: Ðo ɖoɖo ɖe decoupling capacitor ŋu le elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃a gbɔ be wòaɖe toɣliɖeɖe si le frequency gã me ɖa eye wòakpɔ egbɔ be elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃a li ke.

Anyigba ƒe ʋuƒo: ƒo asa na anyigba ƒe ʋuƒo ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ eye nàɖe elektrikŋusẽ ƒe nutete dzi akpɔtɔ. Ele be anyigba ka siwo woatsɔ awɔ dzesi ka veviwo nanɔ kpuie eye woanɔ tẽ alesi woate ŋui.

5. EMI/EMC ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ

Elektrikŋusẽ ƒe nutete (EMI) kple elektrikŋusẽ ƒe sɔsɔ (EMC) ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ nye nu vevi siwo ana woakpɔ egbɔ be PCBwo wɔa dɔ nyuie le elektrikŋusẽ ƒe nɔnɔme sesẽwo me. Nusiwo gbɔna nye EMI/EMC ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ ŋuti nukpɔsusuwo:

Akpoxɔnu ƒe wɔwɔme: Kpɔ dzesi siwo sea nu gɔme kple toɣliɖeɖe gã ƒe akpawo ta be elektrikŋusẽ ƒe nutete dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ.

Alesi wowɔa tsilénu: Tsɔ tsilénuwo kpe ɖe elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃ kple dzesi ƒe kawo ŋu be woaɖe toɣliɖeɖe ƒe dzesiwo ɖa eye elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nawɔ ɖeka nyuie wu.

Anyigba ƒe ɖoɖo: Anyigba ƒe ɖoɖo nyui ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe elektrikŋusẽ ƒe nutete nu nyuie eye wòana nutome suea ƒe ŋutete si tsi tre ɖe nutete ŋu nanyo ɖe edzi.

6. Adzɔnuwo Wɔwɔ Kple Wo Kpekpeɖeŋunana

Menye ɖeko wòle be PCB ƒe wɔwɔme nabu nutome ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu ko o, ke ele be wòabu alesi wòate ŋu adzɔe le ewɔwɔ kple eƒoƒo ƒu hã ŋu. Nya aɖewo siwo wòle be nàde dzesii ne èle ewɔm hele eƒom ƒu ɖekae nye esi:

Kpekpewo ƒe babla kple dometsotso: Tia akpa siwo wobla ɖe agba me si sɔ be nàkpɔ egbɔ be dometsotso si sɔ le kpekpea me be wòana welding kple beléle na wo nanɔ bɔbɔe.

Dodokpɔ teƒe ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ: Ðo dodokpɔ teƒewo ɖe teƒe veviwo be nutome dodokpɔ kple kuxiwo gbɔ kpɔkpɔ emegbe nanɔ bɔbɔe.

Ewɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖo: Se PCB wɔlawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo gɔme eye nàwɔ ɖe wo dzi be nàkpɔ egbɔ be aɖaŋua ɖo ewɔwɔ ƒe nudidiwo gbɔ.

le nyataƒoƒo me

PCB ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ nye dɔwɔwɔ si sesẽ eye wòle bɔbɔe, si lɔ akpa geɖe ɖe eme abe nutome sue ƒe ɖoɖowɔɖi ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ, akpa ƒe ɖoɖo, mɔfiame sewo, ŋusẽ nana kple anyigba ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ, EMI/EMC ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ, ewɔwɔ kple kpekpe. Ele be aɖaŋuwɔlawo nabu akpa ɖesiaɖe ŋu nyuie be woate ŋu awɔ nutome sue takpekpe si ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie, li ke eye kakaɖedzi le eŋu. To nyati sia ƒe kpukpui me la, mele mɔ kpɔm be mana nufiame kple mɔfiame aɖewo PCB ƒe aɖaŋuwɔlawo be woatsɔ ana PCB ƒe aɖaŋuwɔwɔ ƒe nyonyome kple dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi.

• 2024-06-21 09:32:10
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