Pane zvakawanda zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo paunenge uchigadzira iyo yakakwana PCBA

Kugadzira PCBA yakakwana (Printed Circuit Board Assembly) inoda kutarisisa zvinhu zvakawanda, kubva padhizaini yedunhu kusvika kusarudzo yechikamu, kugadzira uye kuyedzwa. Aya anotevera mamwe matambudziko, akakosha mapoinzi muPCBA dhizaini uye nzira dzekuzadzisa dhizaini yakakwana.

1. Matambudziko muPCBA kugadzira

Circuit Complexity: Zvombo zvemagetsi zvemazuva ano zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera simba, izvo zvinotungamirira kumagetsi ematunhu akaoma. Multilayer boards, high-speed signals, zviratidzo zvakasanganiswa (analog uye digital), nezvimwewo zvichawedzera kuoma kwekugadzira.

Thermal management: High-power components zvinogadzira kupisa kwakawanda Kana kupisa kusingagoni kubviswa zvinobudirira, kunokonzera PCBA kuderera kwekuita kana kukundikana.

Electromagnetic kuenderana (EMC): Midziyo yemagetsi inoda kusangana neakasiyana emagetsi kuenderana zviyero, uye electromagnetic interference (EMI) uye electromagnetic susceptibility (EMS) inoda kudzorwa mukugadzira.

Kuganhurirwa kwenzvimbo: Kunyanya mune zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvidiki, iyo PCB nharaunda ishoma, uye marongero ezvikamu uye zviteshi munzvimbo ine diki zvinonetsa.

Manufacturing process: Maitiro ekugadzira akasiyana ane zvakasiyana zvinodiwa pakugadzira, senge musanganiswa wepamusoro-soro tekinoroji (SMT) uye kuburikidza-gomba tekinoroji (THT).

Kudzora kwemitengo: Pachimiro chekuona mashandiro uye mhando, maitiro ekudzora mitengo zvakare idambudziko rakakura mukugadzira.

2. Pfungwa huru dzePCBA dhizaini

Bvisa dhizaini zvinodiwa: Usati wagadzira, jekesa zvinodiwa zvinoshanda, zviratidzo zvekushanda, zvinodiwa zvezvakatipoteredza, nezvimwe zvechigadzirwa. Nzwisisa zvinodiwa nevatengi uye zviyero zveindasitiri kuona kuti madhizaini anozadzisa zvinotarisirwa.

Inonzwisisika yedunhu dhizaini: Sarudza iyo yakakodzera yedunhu topology, zvine musoro kugovera simba uye waya dzepasi, uye simbisa chiratidzo chekuvimbika. Kune masekete akaoma, simulation software inogona kushandiswa kuongororwa.

Kusarudzwa kwechikamu: Sarudza zvikamu zvine kuvimbika kwepamusoro uye kuita kwakagadzikana, uye funga nezvemamiriro avo ekutengesa cheni. Teerera kune chikamu mashandisirwo emagetsi uye yekupisa manejimendi.

PCB marongerwo uye nzira:

Kurongeka: Ronga zvikamu zvine musoro, uchifunga nezvenzira dzechiratidzo, kugovera simba uye nzira dzekupisa kupisa. Zvikamu zvakakosha uye masekete anonzwira tsitsi anofanirwa kukoshesa.

Wiring: Chikamu maererano nemabasa edunhu kuti ive nechokwadi chekugovera kwakaringana kweakakwira-kumhanya masaini, masaini eanalogi uye masaini edhijitari. Teerera kureba uye upamhi hwematanho uye dzivirira yakawandisa vias.

Simba manejimendi: Dhizaina yakagadzikana simba sisitimu yekuona kuti imwe neimwe module inogamuchira simba rakakodzera. Gadzirisa kunaka kwesimba uchishandisa mafirita capacitors uye simba rekugovera network (PDN).

Dhizaini yekupisa kupisa: Yekupisa zvinhu, gadzira yakakodzera kupisa kupisa mhinduro, sekuwedzera kupisa kupisa foiri yemhangura, uchishandisa kupisa singi kana mafeni, nezvimwe. Ita shuwa kugovera kupisa kwakafanana muPCB yese.

3. Nzira yekugadzira PCBA yakakwana

Kugadzirira kwekutanga:

Nzwisisa zvinodiwa zvepurojekiti uye nyora zvizere dhizaini yakatarwa.

Taurirana nemadhipatimendi akakodzera (semuenzaniso dhizaini dhizaini, kusimudzira software, kugadzira engineering) kuve nechokwadi chekugadzirwa kwekugadzira uye testability.

Gadzira zvirongwa zvekugadzira uye nguva yekuona kuti mapurojekiti anopedzwa nenguva.

Circuit dhizaini uye simulation:

Shandisa nyanzvi EDA software yedunhu dhizaini kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti dhizaini inoenderana nezvakatemwa.

Ita ongororo yekufananidza pamaseketi akakosha kuti uwane uye kugadzirisa matambudziko angangoitika.

PCB marongerwo uye nzira:

Ita PCB dhizaini uye routing muEDA software, uchiteerera kune chiratidzo chekuvimbika uye simba rekuvimbika.

Shandisa musanganiswa we otomatiki routing uye gadziriso yemanyorero kuti ugone kukwidziridza PCB dhizaini.

Dhizaini wongororo uye optimization:

Ita dhizaini yekuongorora uye kumbira nyanzvi dzakawanda kuti dzitore chikamu kuti dzitarise iko kurongeka uye kurongeka kwedhizaini.

Gadzirisa zvichibva pane ongororo yekutaura, kutarisisa zvakanyanya kune chiratidzo chekuvimbika, kusimba kwesimba, uye dhizaini yekupisa.

Prototype kugadzirwa uye kuyedzwa:

Gadzira prototypes, ita bvunzo dzinoshanda, bvunzo dzekuita uye bvunzo dzezvakatipoteredza kuti uone kuvimbika uye kugadzikana kwedhizaini.

Ongorora nekuvandudza matambudziko anowanikwa panguva yekuyedzwa, uye gadzira patsva kana zvichidikanwa.

Kugadzirira kugadzirwa kwehuwandu:

Mushure mekusimbisa kuti prototype bvunzo yapfuura, gadzirira kugadzirwa kwakawanda. Kurukura nevagadziri kuti uone kuti hapana matambudziko achamuka panguva yekugadzirwa kwehuwandu.

Gadzira hurongwa hwekuyedza hwakadzama kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti PCBA yega yega yakayedzwa zvine hukasha uye inosangana nemhando yezvinodiwa.

ramba uchivandudza:

Unganidza ruzivo rwemhinduro mushure mekugadzirwa kwehuwandu, ongorora matambudziko akajairika, uye gara uchivandudza.

Gara uchiongorora dhizaini uye magadzirirwo ekugadzira kuti uwedzere hunyanzvi hwekugadzira uye kutonga kwemhando.

Nekunyatsotevera nhanho idzi uye mapoinzi akakosha, unogona kubata zvinonetsa muPCBA dhizaini, dhizaini yepamusoro, yepamusoro-inoshanda PCBA, uye kusangana nezvinodiwa nevatengi uye musika.

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• 2024-07-09 20:30:47