Afã horow pii wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw ho bere a woreyɛ PCBA a ɛyɛ pɛ no

PCBA (Printed Circuit Board Assembly) a ɛyɛ pɛ a wɔbɛyɛ no hwehwɛ sɛ wosusuw nneɛma pii ho, efi ɔmansin nhyehyɛe so kosi nneɛma a wɔpaw so, kosi ne yɛ ne sɔhwɛ so. Nea edidi so yi yɛ nsɛnnennen bi, nsɛntitiriw wɔ PCBA nhyehyɛe mu ne akwan a wɔfa so nya nhyehyɛe a edi mũ.

1. Nsɛnnennen a ɛwɔ PCBA nhyehyɛe mu

Ɔmansin a Ɛyɛ Den: Nnɛyi ɛlɛtrɔnik mfiri renya ahoɔden kɛse, na ɛno ma wɔyɛ amansin ho nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ den. Multilayer boards, high-speed signals, mixed signals (analog ne digital), ne nea ɛkeka ho bɛma design no ayɛ den.

Ɔhyew a wɔde di dwuma: Nneɛma a ɛwɔ ahoɔden kɛse bɛma ɔhyew pii aba Sɛ wɔantumi ansɛe ɔhyew no yiye a, ɛbɛma PCBA adwumayɛ asɛe anaasɛ adi nkogu.

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC): Ɛsɛ sɛ ɛlɛtrɔnik mfiri di anyinam ahoɔden a ɛne ne ho hyia gyinapɛn ahorow so, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ electromagnetic interference (EMI) ne electromagnetic susceptibility (EMS) so wɔ nhyehyɛe no mu.

Ahunmu anohyeto: Titiriw wɔ ɛlɛtrɔnik nneɛma nketenkete mu no, PCB beae no sua, na sɛnea wɔhyehyɛ nneɛma a ɛwom ne nneɛma a ɛwɔ baabi a ɛyɛ kakraa bi no yɛ asɛnnennen.

Nneɛma a wɔyɛ: Nneɛma ahorow a wɔyɛ no wɔ ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛsono sɛnea wɔyɛ no, te sɛ mfiridwuma a wɔde si soro (SMT) ne mfiridwuma a ɛfa tokuru mu (THT) a wɔaka abom.

Ɛka a wɔbɔ sohwɛ: Wɔ adwene a ɛne sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ sɛ adwumayɛ ne nea ɛyɛ papa so no, sɛnea wɔbɛhwɛ ɛka so nso yɛ ɔhaw kɛse wɔ nhyehyɛe mu.

2. Nsɛntitiriw a ɛfa PCBA nhyehyɛe ho

Nsusuwii ahwehwɛde a emu da hɔ: Ansa na wobɛyɛ nhyehyɛe no, ma adwumayɛ ho ahwehwɛde, adwumayɛ ho nsɛnkyerɛnne, nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ahwehwɛde, ne nea ɛkeka ho a ɛwɔ ade no mu no mu da hɔ. Te adetɔfo ahiade ne nnwuma gyinapɛn ahorow ase na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ nsusuwii ahorow no hyia nea wɔhwɛ kwan.

Nteaseɛ mu circuit design: Paw circuit topology a ɛfata, kyekyɛ ahoɔden ne asase so nhama wɔ nteaseɛ mu, na hwɛ hu sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne no yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ. Wɔ amansin a ɛyɛ den ho no, wobetumi de simulation software adi dwuma de ahwɛ sɛ ɛyɛ nokware.

Nneɛma a wɔpaw: Paw nneɛma a wotumi de ho to so kɛse na ɛyɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ den, na susuw wɔn nneɛma a wɔde ma no tebea ho. Hwɛ yiye wɔ component power consumption ne thermal management so.

PCB nhyehyɛe ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma:

Nhyehyɛe: Hyehyɛ nneɛma a ɛwom no wɔ ntease mu, susuw nsɛnkyerɛnne akwan, tumi kyekyɛ ne ɔhyew a wɔsɛe no akwan ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde nneɛma atitiriw ne amansin a ɛyɛ mmerɛw di kan.

Wiring: Nkyekyɛmu sɛnea ɔmansin dwumadi te de hwɛ hu sɛ wɔbɛkyekyɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛde ahoɔhare kɛse, analog nsɛnkyerɛnne ne dijitaal nsɛnkyerɛnne a ntease wom. Hwɛ sɛnea traces no tenten ne ne tɛtrɛtɛ hwɛ na kwati via pii.

Tumi a wɔde di dwuma: Yɛ tumi nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ den na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ module biara benya ahoɔden a ɛfata. Fa filter capacitors ne tumi kyekyɛ network (PDN) di dwuma yiye.

Ɔhyew a wɔsɛe no ho nhyehyɛe: Wɔ ɔhyew afã horow ho no, yɛ ɔhyew a wɔsɛe no ano aduru a ɛfata, te sɛ ɔhyew a wɔsɛe no kɔbere krataa a wode bɛka ho, ɔhyew afiri anaa fan a wode bedi dwuma, ne nea ɛkeka ho. Hwɛ sɛ ɔhyew no kyekyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ PCB no nyinaa mu.

3. Sɛnea wɔyɛ PCBA a ɛyɛ pɛ

Ahosiesie a wodi kan yɛ:

Te adwuma no ahwehwɛde ase kɔ akyiri na kyerɛw nhyehyɛe no ho nsɛm a edi mũ.

Wo ne dwumadibea ahorow a ɛfa ho (e.g. mfiridwuma ho nhyehyɛe, softwea nkɔso, nneɛma a wɔyɛ) nni nkitaho na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ wotumi yɛ nhyehyɛe na wotumi sɔ hwɛ.

Yɛ nhyehyeɛ a wɔde bɛyɛ adwuma ne berɛ nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛbɛma wɔahwɛ sɛ wɔawie nnwuma no wɔ berɛ ano.

Circuit nhyehyɛe ne simulation:

Fa EDA software a ɛyɛ adwumaden di dwuma ma ɔmansin nhyehyɛe de hwɛ hu sɛ nhyehyɛe no ne nsɛm a wɔakyerɛ no hyia.

Yɛ simulation verification wɔ key circuits so na woadi kan ahu na woadi ɔhaw ahorow a ebetumi aba ho dwuma.

PCB nhyehyɛe ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma:

Yɛ PCB nhyehyeɛ ne routing wɔ EDA software mu, hwɛ aso wɔ signal integrity ne power integrity so.

Fa automatic routing ne manual adjustment a wɔaka abom di dwuma na ama PCB nhyehyɛe ayɛ papa.

Design nhwehwɛmu ne optimization:

Yɛ nhyehyɛe mu nhwehwɛmu na to nsa frɛ abenfo pii ma wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ mu mfa nhwɛ sɛnea nhyehyɛe no teɛ na ntease wom.

Fa nsɛm a wɔasan asusuw ho so yɛ nea eye sen biara, na fa w’adwene si sɛnkyerɛnne no mudi mu kura, tumi mudi mu kura, ne ɔhyew nhyehyɛe so titiriw.

Prototype a wɔyɛ ne sɔhwɛ:

Yɛ nhwɛsoɔ, yɛ dwumadie sɔhwɛ, adwumayɛ sɔhwɛ ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho sɔhwɛ de hwɛ sɛ ahotosoɔ ne nhyehyɛɛ no gyina pintinn.

Hwehwɛ ɔhaw ahorow a wohu bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no mu na ma atu mpɔn, na sɛ ɛho hia a, yɛ foforo.

Ahosiesie a wɔyɛ de yɛ nneɛma pii:

Bere a woasi so dua sɛ nhwɛsode sɔhwɛ no atwam akyi no, siesie wo ho ma nneɛma pii a wɔbɛyɛ. Wo ne wɔn a wɔyɛ nneɛma no nni nkitaho na hwɛ hu sɛ ɔhaw biara remma bere a wɔreyɛ nneɛma pii no.

Yɛ sɔhwɛ nhyehyeɛ a ɛkɔ akyiri de hwɛ sɛ wɔasɔ PCBA biara ahwɛ yie na ɛdi ahwehwɛdeɛ a ɛfa su pa ho.

kɔ so nya nkɔso:

Boaboa nsɛm a wɔka fa ho ano bere a wɔayɛ nneɛma pii awie no, hwehwɛ ɔhaw ahorow a ɛtaa ba mu, na kɔ so nya nkɔso.

Daa hwehwɛ sɛnea wɔyɛ nneɛma ne sɛnea wɔyɛ nneɛma no mu na ama wɔatumi ayɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiye na wɔahwɛ sɛnea nneɛma te yiye.

Sɛ wodi anammɔn ne nsɛntitiriw yi akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ a, wubetumi adi nsɛnnennen a ɛwɔ PCBA nhyehyɛe mu no ho dwuma yiye, ayɛ PCBA a ɛyɛ papa, ɛyɛ adwuma yiye, na woadi adetɔfo ne gua no ahiade ho dwuma.

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• 2024-07-09 20:32:28